11 Army Roadhead, it was dependent on the daily arrival of ammunition trains. History of the British Army of the Rhine 06.09.14 - YouTube British Liberation Army | Military Wiki | Fandom [89][88] The high use of road transport meant that the Second Army was burning 7,600 tonnes (7,500 long tons) of petrol a day, but the supply of fuel caused no problems. Adjutant Generals Base AGDU Army Guard Dog Unit AGR Army General Reserve A.G.R.A. After the assumption of government by civilians, it became the command formation for the troops in Germany only . [43] The ammunition dumping program was completed by 4 February, by which time 14,400 tonnes (14,200 long tons) of ammunition had been dumped at the gun positions, and 23,100 tonnes (22,700 long tons) at the XXX Corps and II Canadian Corps FMCs. History of the british army of the rhine 06 09 14. Alpine Training Centre (ATC) Hubertus-Haus this installation provides facilities and activities, including rock climbing, kayaking, paragliding, sailing, mountain biking, and winter sports, under the auspices of the Adventurous Training Foundation Delivery (AFTD), and is maintained by military and civil personnel. Military Identities: The Regimental System, the British Army and the British People c.18702000. [80] Although working in the British Second Army area, they remained under the command of the US Ninth Army. Please subscribe or login. British Army of the Rhine There have been two formations named British Army of the Rhine ( BAOR ). [32][34], To free up administrative units to support the advance into Germany, it was decided to shorten the line of communications by closing down the RMA in Normandy, where some 300,000 long tons (300,000t) of supplies were still held. Following the war the BLA was redesignated to become the British Army of the Rhine in August . [45] No. The corps sometimes had to send their transport back to the army roadheads to assist when major operations were required. [66] The British rail line of communications now ran from Antwerp to Nijmegen via Roosendaal and Tilburg,[67] where the railway bridge that had opened on 22 December was duplicated by 3 January 1945. Margaret Brown. The XXX Corps Troops Engineers commenced work on the "Lambeth" class 15 Bailey pontoon bridge at 15:00 on 24 March, but work was frequently interrupted by German fire, and the bridge was not opened until 08:30 on 26 March. Store Equipment Fleet (Germany) store of vehicles and other equipment for exercises and operations around Europe. British and Commonwealth PWX were flown directly to the UK, while American PWX were flown to collecting camps around Le Havre. Use the search function to locate the Order of battle by title or file name. 10 Army Roadhead commenced on 13 April, and the first train arrived at No. The Kangaroo armoured personnel carriers and the Buffalo tracked amphibious vehicles of the 79th Armoured Division were overhauled between January and March. . SGT Served from 1967 - 1985 Served in British Army of the Rhine. British army the rhine hi-res stock photography and images - Alamy As the Soviet threat increased, so BAOR became less of an occupational army and assumed the role of defender of Western Europe, and as a major contributor to NATO after . Sirs, Ladies and Gentlemen, Welcome to the website dedicated to the British Army of the Rhine, its locations, and those areas whilst not strictly within BAOR, that were vital to the operation of the theatre The Site is now approaching three years of age and much has happened in that time. Both were originally occupation forces in Germany, one after World War I, and the other after World War II. [65], The buildup of stocks for Operation Plunder commenced on 8 March. The following 12 files are in this category, out of 12 total. British Military Hospital BMH Iserlohn - QARANC BRITISH ALLIES ARMY RAF. [44] The 25-pounders were each provided with an additional 1,471 rounds in addition to the 206 rounds per gun each regiment normally carried. By this time the system consisted of 1,811 kilometres (1,125mi) of pipelines and storage tanks with a capacity of 104,770 tonnes (103,120 long tons). [12] Civilian labour was utilised at the bases in a variety of tasks to enable military personnel to be released for service in forward areas. Esempio di frase tradotta: A double issue of Expeditionary Force Institutes stores was made to all participating units. Members of British Army of the Rhine | Forces Reunited The British Army of the Rhine: Turning Nazi Enemies into Cold War 2019 Ted Fund Donors Stocking of No. XXX Corps opened a new No. 14 Army Roadhead. B.A.R. West Germany: Commander Of British Army Of The Rhine, Sir Harry Tuzo GMT Games - BAOR: MBT Expansion badge, formation, British, I Corps & 1st Corps. - Imperial War Museums 26 In a European context the first step in this process was the 1947 Anglo-French Treaty of . 1st/4th and 9th battalions of the Seaforths were with the Rhine Army in 1919. 19191929. Please continue & follow him.pic.twitter.com/TU3GKnZFPU", "British Orders of Battle & TO&Es 1980-1989", "From occupiers and protectors to guests", "Osnabrck picks up the pieces after British withdrawal", "All British army bases in Germany to close by 2019 with 20,000 troops returning to UK", "Farewell to the 1st Westfalen Garrison Commander", "A Queen's birthday reception was held in Germany", "British army hands back last headquarters in Germany", "Defence review ends Iraq-sized ventures", In West Germany: Military Networks Spreading Pop, Secret squad sent in to track down IRA killers, BBC News: Army to scale down Germany troops, BBC News: From occupiers and protectors to guests, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=British_Forces_Germany&oldid=1126727293, This page was last edited on 10 December 2022, at 22:46. British Army of the Rhine | Daly History Blog [3], The 21st Army Group's campaign in North West Europe had commenced with Operation Overlord, the Allied landings in Normandy on D-Day, 6 June 1944. The XXX Corps FMC series started at 151 while the II Canadian Corps one started at 201, and the stark difference in maintenance practices between the two corps was illustrated by the fact that XXX Corps had opened three times as many FMCs in the campaign up to this point. [PDF] The British Army of the Rhine by Peter Speiser | Perlego Special arrangements were made to supply the Royal Air Force's Fog Investigation and Dispersal Operation, which consumed 410,000 litres (90,000impgal) a night, and Gloster Meteor jet fighters, which consumed 14,000 litres (3,000impgal) of kerosene each day. [51] Each of the assaulting infantry carried five days' supplies, and the armoured divisions carried six. The transfer involved 102,415 troops. The class 12 Bailey bridge, known as "Sussex", took the XII Corps Troops Engineers and the Royal Navy 43 hours to erect. Exercising troops technical accommodation. Meanwhile, the class 40 Bailey pontoon bridge at Xanten was erected by the 7th Army Troops Engineers in 31 hours, and opened to traffic at 16:30 on 25 March. Both formations had areas of responsibility located around the German section of the River Rhine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003. The base workshops built a prototype trailer that provided more clearance, and the Navy ordered 25 of them. A Mail on Sunday . [30] All movements were completed by the second week of April. Initially Goldflake convoys sailed to Marseilles by a direct route but after the Battle of the Ligurian Sea on the night of 17/18 March they were routed further south, through the Strait of Bonifacio between Corsica and Sardinia. CONTENTS OF EMAILS MAY BE DISPLAYED ON THIS SITE (BUT IN AN ENCRYPTED FORMAT TO DETER SPAMMERS) TO BENEFIT HISTORY. British Army of the Rhine | Twilight 2000 Wiki | Fandom The Cold War has gotten hot and the 3rd Shock Army is approaching your dugout but how do you differentiate a BTR from a BMP? Recourse was therefore made to Weasel tracked vehicles, and every available Weasel was rushed to the front. Includes a chapter on the activation of BAOR and its composition throughout the Cold War against the background of government defense reviews. In addition to the storm boats, DUKWs, Buffaloes and Weasels,[62] there were also amphibious DD tanks. What military bases are left in Germany? [27], On 10 February, the 5th Canadian Armoured Division loaded its 450 tanks and 320 Bren gun carriers on flat wagons in Rimini and Riccione, from whence they moved by rail to Leghorn. It became the primary formation controlling the British contribution to NATO after the formation of the alliance in 1949. [63][72] The seaborne tail of the 6th Airborne Division established a DUKW replenishment area west of the Rhine from whence supplies were moved until it could cross the river. There were tactical, operational and political reasons for this: the best sites for a crossing of the Rhine were there;[20] a crossing in the north gave access to the North German Plain, where the terrain was good for mobile warfare, for which his Allied forces were particularly suited;[21] it offered a means of cutting off the Ruhr,[22] a major industrial region of Germany;[23] and it had the political advantage of involving the British and Canadians. [28][29] Many of the tanks needed overhaul or modification and this task was beyond the resources of the 21st Army Group's REME units, so excess tanks were shipped to the UK. During the first three weeks of April 1945, the 21st Army Group advanced about 320 kilometres (200mi) across northern Germany to reach the Elbe on 19 April and then the Baltic Sea. This brought the amount of road transport capacity under Second Army's control to 31,580 tonnes (31,080 long tons), which was reckoned to be the equivalent of 76 general transport companies. Include Description. Branch British Army. This merely delayed work on the bridge, which was opened to traffic at 20:15. [79] Seven American combat engineer battalions assisted with road and bridge maintenance in the British Second Army area. [58], The next major operation was Operation Plunderthe assault crossing of the Rhine. Photo courtesy of RAMC Lab Tech Cpl Peter Elgar 1958. These two photos were taken in late 1956 by Lab Tech Cpl Peter Elgar: [19], During the height of "the Troubles" in Northern Ireland, the IRA targeted personnel in Germany between 1988 and 1990. In the forward area, land mines and the few tracks through the Reichswald Forest kept transport on the roads, and the traffic combined with thaws and heavy rains contributed to the rapid deterioration of the roads. A large force of engineer units was assembled for the operation: 37,000 British and Canadian engineers and pioneers, and 22,000 American engineers. It drew fuel from Dungeness on the coast of Kent and transported it across the Strait of Dover to a terminal near Boulogne. [63] Their initial drop of the 6th Airborne Division was conducted by 683 aircraft and 444 General Aircraft Hamilcar and Airspeed Horsa gliders, while that of the US 17th Airborne Division used 913 aircraft and 906 Hadrian gliders. Amazon.com: Chieftain: The British Army of the Rhine (Assault Series The British 6th Airborne Division was withdrawn to the UK and re-equipped there, but its seaborne tail had to be re-equipped by the 21st Army Group. At the rail stop there were messes and a kitchen that ran 24 hours a day. [92] There was an additional allocation of 5,100 tonnes (5,000 long tons) of road transport for the drive to the Baltic Sea on 26 April, and another 2,700 tonnes (2,700 long tons) was received by the end of the month. XXX Corps reverted to the control of the British Second Army on 8 March, and by 10 March the last German units had retreated across the Rhine. Both stocked 200 rounds per gun of field artillery ammunition for the entire XXX Corps. [2] With the end of the Cold War, and the Options for Change defence review in the early 1990s, BFG as a whole was considerably reduced, with the British presence centred on the 1st Armoured Division, and supporting elements. The "Waterloo" class 9 FBE could not be built at the intended site at Rees on 24 March because the town had not been captured. During February 300,000 long tons (300,000t) of supplies were delivered to the XXX Corps railheads. [61] Up to seven trains per day were required to move the ammunition from the advance base to the ammunition railheads at No. [7], The 1993 Options for Change defence cuts resulted in BAOR being replaced by forces roughly 25,000 strong, divided between Headquarters Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps, 1st Armoured Division, other combat support and combat service support forces, and administrative elements headed by United Kingdom Support Command (Germany). Posted 30 March , 2015. carndook. British Army of the Rhine: The BAOR, 1945-1993 (Cold War 1945-1991) 166 FMC was developed from one formerly established there by the VIII Corps, although it had to be expanded as XXX Corps had over 200,000 troops under its command for Operation Veritable. Likewise, French 2008 and Strachan 2000 have produced histories of the cultural attitudes of the British Army and how the institution relates to wider society. In addition, XII Corps employed 48 3.7-inch anti-aircraft guns in the ground role, and they fired 16,573 rounds. It did not remove the need from road transport entirely though, and XXX Corps found that the First Canadian Army was unable to provide any additional resources. [73], The assault divisions established ordnance dumps on the west bank of the Rhine with at least one section of the divisional ordnance field park from which urgently required equipment and spare parts for vehicles could be sent across by DUKW without delay. The 21st Army Group asked for four base supply depots (BSDs), six field bakeries, three field butcheries, a cold storage depot and two detail issue depots (DIDs). French, David. This involved prodigious use of ammunition, fuel and equipment, which in turn demanded a first-class military logistics system. London: Penguin, 1970. This account will transfer to the new Comd British Army Germany, Col Tim Hill. Apart from the Alpine Training Centre Hubertus Haus in Oberstdorf, which is in Bavaria, British Army Germany is entirely based in North Rhine-Westphalia. Moody, Simon J. Imagining Nuclear War in the British Army, 19451989. A comprehensive history of the British army aimed at undergraduate students and the general reader. For this the British Second Army deployed 1,520 field and medium guns, and the US Ninth Army . For more information or to contact an Oxford Sales Representative click here. Operation Veritable required 35,000 vehicle movements, mainly to move XXX Corps units 80 miles (130km) in nineteen days. The British Army of the Rhine was born in 1945 out of the British Liberation Army at the close of the war as the military government of the British zone of occupied Germany. Overseas military bases of the United Kingdom - Wikipedia Two pipelines were laid across the Rhine at Emmerich and were in operation by the end of April. The link was not copied. The British Army of the Rhine - Apple Books No. Cold War British Army Threat Recognition Guide It's the 1980s and the British Army Of the Rhine is still stationed in West Germany facing down the USSR's forces. $35.86. During the month, 432 trains delivered 230,000 tonnes (230,000 long tons) to 37 railheads in the British Second Army area. [82][83], In the XXX Corps area, the engineer units were grouped under the 13th AGRE, under the command of Colonel F. C. This freed the 9th Line of Communications Sub Area to participate in Operation Goldflake. Sixteen of the bombers were lost to anti-aircraft fire. After some debate, the Combined Chiefs of Staff endorsed his strategy at the Malta Conference in January and February 1945. british army of the rhine bases - khushboocatering.com British Army of the Rhine - OverDrive This gave them sufficient petrol to advance for 200 and 180 miles (320 and 290km) respectively, although no such rapid advance was contemplated, the supplies being to sustain the divisions in operations when the road network became congested with operational traffic. [37] Operation Veritable was scheduled to commence on 8 February, but the date for Operation Grenade could not be set, as it depended on the capture of dams on the Roer further south by the US First Army. Chieftain: The British Army of the Rhine, provides a complete array of British equipment and maneuver units, from Chieftain and Challenger tanks through MCV-80 and Saxon APCs. British Army Germany was formed in 2020 to administer the remaining service personnel, UK Civil Servants, and dependents (family members), based in Germany.[2]. Preparations were made to move it to a new site, but this was not required. The next major operation was Operation Plunderthe assault crossing of the Rhine. Your current browser may not support copying via this button. The tracks of Sherman tanks were equipped with "duck bill" connectors to facilitate advancing across snow and soft ground. It has been an honour to command this fantastic organisation doing its very best to support our people here in Germany. Both were originally occupation forces in Germany, one after the First World War, and the other after the Second World War. Every available amphibious craft was collected, and they were joined by a Royal Navy contingent of 36 Landing Craft Medium (LCM) and 36 Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel (LCVP) that were transported by road across Holland and Belgium to participate. This airborne operation was the largest of its kind during the entire war, utilizing 1,625 transports, 1,348 gliders, and 889 escort fighters to deliver over 22,000 airborne infantry into the contested territory. The 690-metre (2,250ft) class 40 and 70 steel-piled jetty bridges were built at Arnhem by the First Canadian Army engineers, and opened on 31 May, and the 440-metre (1,450ft) class 40 and class 70 timber pile bridges at Zutphen were completed on 26 May. This led to a scaling down of the British military presence, and a restructuring of command and support structures. It closed in 1991 when the refurbished BMH Iserlohn re-opened. A problem was encountered when defects were discovered in the tensioners of the 29th Armoured Brigade's new Comet tanks. Useful Abbreviations - British Army Overseas military bases of the United Kingdom enable the British Armed Forces to conduct expeditionary warfare and maintain a forward presence.Bases tend to be located in or near areas of strategic or diplomatic importance, often used for the build-up or resupply of military forces, as was seen during the 1982 Falklands War and the use of RAF Ascension Island as a staging post. [51] There was also demand for covered accommodation in the 3,300 bivouacs, and 21st Army Group headquarters released 343 huts and 1,600 100-pound (45kg) tents from its stocks, which were delivered to the railheads around Mill and 's-Hertogenbosch. The British Army of the Rhine (BBC) - DocuWiki The British Liberation Army (BLA) was the official name given to the British Army forces which fought on the Western Front of World War II between the Invasion of Normandy and the end of the war. The troops in the assault units were issued with 24-hour ration packs, together with a Tommy cooker and a tin containing tea, condensed milk and sugar, enabling the troops in the front line to brew a hot cup of tea. Motorman began on 31st July 1972 with the rapid deployment of troops from the rest of the UK and the British Army of the Rhine to the ports of Belfast and Derry. [19] He intended to make the main Allied effort in the north, in the 21st Army Group's sector. Until the railway bridges could be brought into operation, maintenance depended entirely on road transport. Road transport accounted for another 29,865 personnel and 23,360 trucks. Large numbers of displaced persons were also encountered, and they were accommodated in special camps. Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend. The second class 40 Bailey pontoon bridge, known as "Blackfriars", was built by the II Canadian Corps Engineers in 50 hours, starting at 10:00 on 26 March. There have been two formations named British Army of the Rhine (BAOR). Expand or collapse the "in this article" section, Expand or collapse the "related articles" section, Expand or collapse the "forthcoming articles" section, Africa, Gunpowder and Colonial Campaigns in, All-Volunteer Army, Post-Vietnam Through 2016, Armed Forces of the Ottoman Empire, 16831918, Australia from the Colonial Era to the Present. To simplify storage and handling, only ammunition for field, medium and heavy artillery was held at the Canadian FMCs, ammunition for all other weapons was stocked at No. [55], Rising flood waters soon created difficulties. [91], On 3 May an VIII Corps FMC at Lneburg was taken over by the Second Army and used as an advance roadhead in conjunction with No. [47] As it was thought that vehicle movement in the battle area would be restricted by the weather, terrain and battle damage, units were issued with "compo" ration packs for up to two-thirds of a formation's strength, and the divisions and independent brigades were also supplied with two-, three- and five-man "AFV" ration packs in case the distribution of compo packs proved to be too difficult.